Dhammika Suttam.
Dhammika Upasaka, with five hundred others, visits the Buddha at Jetavana, singing his praises and asking what should be the life of a householder and that of a monk.
After laying down the course of conduct to be followed by a monk, the Buddha expounds on the virtues to be cultivated by a householder.
[1] Gahatthavattam pana vo vadami, yathakaro savako sadhu hoti. Na hesa labbha sapariggahena, phassetum yo kevalo bhikkhudhammo.
No householder can follow the Dhamma of bhikkhus completely.
Therefore I shall tell you the Dhamma of householders, the follower of which becomes a virtuous householder, a saintly person.
[2] Panam na hane na ca ghatayeyya, na canujanna hanatam paresam. Sabbesu bhutesu nidhaya dandam, ye thavara ye ca tasa santi loke.
Neither should one kill any being, nor cause the killing to be done by anyone else, nor give permission to anyone else to kill. One should give up violence towards all beings.
[3] Tato adinnam parivajjayeyya, kinci kvaci savako bujjhamano. Na haraye haratam nanujanna, sabbam adinnam parivajjayeyya.
And then the wise disciple will not take anything that is not given and anything not belonging to someone else. Neither should one steal, nor give permission to anyone else to steal. One should completely give up all kinds of stealing.
[4] Abrahmacariyam parivajjayeyya, angarakasum jalitamva vinnu. Asambhunanto pana brahmacariyam, parassa daram na atikkameyya.
The discerning person should give up sexual misconduct like a pit filled with burning coals. And if it is impossible to practice celibacy, then at least one should not have sexual relations with anyone who is not one's spouse.
[5] Sabhaggato va parisaggato va, ekassa veko na musa bhaneyya. Na bhanaye bhanatam nanujanna, sabbam abhutam parivajjayeyya.
Having gone to a meeting or assembly, one should not lie on behalf of anyone else, nor cause anyone else to lie, nor give permission to anyone else to speak lies.
One should completely give up all kinds of false speech.
[6] Majjanca panam na samacareyya, dhammam imam rocaye yo gahattho. Na payaye pivatam nanujanna, ummadanantam iti nam viditva.
Understanding that alcohol produces intoxication, the householder who is desirous of living a truly virtuous life should neither drink it himself, nor give it to others to drink, nor give permission to others to drink.
[7] Mada hi papani karonti bala, karenti cannepi jane pamatte. Etam apunnayatanam vivajjaye, ummadanam mohanam balakantam.
Ignorant people do unwholesome deeds because of some intoxicant and cause other intoxicated people to do such deeds. One should avoid such dens of vice, which produce intoxication and delusion, and is dear to fools.
[8] Panam na hane na cadinnamadiye, musa na bhase na ca majjapo siya. Abrahmacariya virameyya methuna, rattim na bhunjeyya vikalabhojanam.
One should not kill other beings, nor steal, nor tell lies, nor take any intoxicant. One should abstain from sexual misconduct, sexual intercourse and from eating at the wrong time at night.
[9] Malam na dhare na ca gandhamacare, mance chamayam va sayetha santhate. Etam hi atthangikamahuposatham, Buddhena dukkhantaguna pakasitam.
One should neither wear garlands nor use perfume. One should sleep on a bedstead or on the ground or on a blanket/rug.
This is called the atthangakamahuposatha i.e. the eight precepts, which has been expounded by the Buddha having full knowledge of dukkha.
[10] Tato ca pakkhassupavassuposatham, catuddasim pancadasinca atthamim. Patihariyapakkhanca pasannamanaso, atthangupetam susamattarupam.
One should practice these eight precepts in the proper manner with a pure mind on the eighth day, the fourteenth day, the full moon day, and other festival days of every lunar fortnight.
[11] Tato ca pato upavutthuposatho, annena panena ca bhikkhusangham. Pasannacitto anumodamano, yatharaham samvibhajetha vinnu.
Having observed the uposatha i.e. the eight precepts, the wise person, as per his/her capacity, donates food and beverages (milk, water etc.) to monks and saintly persons in the morning with a mind full of joy and devotion.
[12] Dhammena matapitaro bhareyya, payojaye dhammikam so vanijjam. Etam gihi vattaya'mappamatto, sayampabhe nama upeti deveti.
One should practice right livelihood and should take good care of one's parents. The householder who is heedful and lives a virtuous life in this way is born in the world of (sayampabha) devas.
(Vipassana Research Institute - http://www.vridhamma.org/en1997-01)
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